How the Kraken Reliability Score is built
10.0/10Every part is scored with the same published method. Points are given only for facts confirmed from a public source. How we rate
Pros
- MiCA passport for 30 of 30 EEA countries
- Operating since 2011
- Euro withdrawals from €1
- Published proof of reserves
Cons
- No weak points found in the facts we checked
MiCA authorisation
Authorised- EU entityPayward Global Solutions Limited / Payward Europe Solutions Limited
- LEI254900641D8KNHUZYX24
- RegulatorCentral Bank of Ireland (CBI)
- Home stateIreland
- Authorised25 June 2025
- Passport30 of 30 EEA countries
Authorised MiCA services (9)
- Custody of crypto-assets
- Trading platform
- Exchange for funds (EUR)
- Crypto-to-crypto exchange
- Order execution
- Placing of crypto-assets
- Reception and transmission of orders
- Portfolio management
- Transfer services
Source: ESMA interim MiCA register, downloaded 24 October 2026. How to check a licence
Company and track record
- Founded2011
- Registered address70 Sir John Rogerson's Quay, Dublin 2, Dublin, Ireland D02 R296
Fees
Fee schedule ↗Try the fee calculator to see what one purchase costs in total.
Payments
Deposit methods are shown in the app before you pay.
- EUR withdrawalSEPA, €1
Coins and products
- TypeExchange
- Coins600+
- Recurring buyYes
Account security
- Two-factor authenticationYes
- Withdrawal address allow-listYes
- Proof of reservesYes
"Not confirmed" means we could not confirm the feature from a public source; it does not mean the feature is missing.
Identity checks (KYC)
RequiredKraken verifies the identity of every customer before trading, as EU anti-money laundering rules require.
Where Kraken is available under MiCA
Checking your location…Notified in 30 EEA countries
Austria, Belgium, Bulgaria, Cyprus, Czechia, Germany, Denmark, Estonia, Spain, Finland, France, Greece, Croatia, Hungary, Ireland, Iceland, Italy, Liechtenstein, Lithuania, Luxembourg, Latvia, Malta, Netherlands, Norway, Poland, Portugal, Romania, Sweden, Slovenia, Slovakia
A MiCA passport means the firm may offer its services in that country; it can still choose not to accept customers from every country.
Kraken review: fees
| How you buy | Published fee |
|---|---|
| Kraken Pro, maker, lowest volume tier | 0.40% |
| Kraken Pro, taker, lowest volume tier | 0.80% |
| Instant and recurring purchases | 1% |
From Kraken's fee schedule, checked 24 October 2026; spreads and card costs may apply on top.
The gap between the Pro maker fee and the 1% instant-buy fee shows how much the choice of screen matters, as the spread calculator illustrates.
Kraken review: proof of reserves
Kraken publishes a proof of reserves page, which showed a snapshot dated 30 June 2026 when it was checked.
What such reports do and do not prove is explained in the guide to proof of reserves.
Kraken review: how the Reliability Score was calculated
The Kraken Reliability Score is 10.0 out of 10, rated Excellent, calculated with the same published method as every other exchange.
| Part | Points | Basis |
|---|---|---|
| MiCA licence | 3 / 3 | Authorised by CBI, passport notified for 30 of 30 EEA countries |
| Track record | 2 / 2 | Operating since 2011 |
| Transparency | 1 / 1 | Fee schedule published; proof of reserves published |
| Identity checks | 1 / 1 | Identity verification (KYC) required before trading |
| Account protection | 1 / 1 | Two-factor authentication available; withdrawal address allow-list available |
| Euro withdrawals | 2 / 2 | Euro withdrawals to a bank account: SEPA, €1 |
Points are given only for facts confirmed from a public source; "not confirmed" means we could not confirm a feature, not that it is missing.
Kraken review: compared with similar MiCA providers
The table below places Kraken next to similar MiCA providers, so that differences in authorisation and score are easy to see.
| Exchange | Type | Regulator | EEA countries | Reliability Score |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Kraken | Exchange | CBI | 30 | 10.0 |
| Coinbase | Exchange | CSSF | 30 | 7.0 |
| Bitstamp | Exchange | CSSF | 30 | 8.5 |
| Bitvavo | Exchange | AFM | 30 | 9.0 |
Register facts from ESMA; Reliability Scores calculated with the published method.
Scores measure documented reliability factors, not which provider is cheapest for your way of buying.
Kraken review: what a purchase would cost
The calculator below starts from the Kraken Pro maker fee published by the provider, 0.40%; change the other fields to match your purchase.
Kraken review: who it may suit
Based on the verified facts, Kraken may suit buyers who are willing to use the Kraken Pro trading screen, where the published base fees of 0.40% maker and 0.80% taker are well below the 1% charged on instant and recurring purchases.
Buyers who prefer the simplest possible purchase should note that the convenient route is the more expensive one, and compare it with the trading screen using the calculator above.
Its EU entity is passported to all 30 EEA countries, so availability is broad.
Frequently asked questions
Is Kraken MiCA-authorised?
Yes. Payward Europe Solutions Limited is listed in ESMA's register, authorised by the Central Bank of Ireland and passported to all 30 EEA countries.
What are Kraken's fees?
Kraken's fee schedule lists 0.40% maker and 0.80% taker at the lowest Kraken Pro tier, and 1% for instant and recurring purchases.
Does Kraken publish proof of reserves?
Yes, on its proof of reserves page.
How is the Kraken Reliability Score calculated?
With six published parts worth ten points in total: MiCA licence, track record, transparency, identity checks, account protection and euro withdrawals. The score block on this page shows the points for each part.
Sources
Every figure on this page is checked against the ESMA register, the exchange's own terms and fee pages or another primary source, and the sources are listed above. Editorial policy · How we rate